Polymer, preparation method thereof and application of polymer as or in preparation of sand control agent

The invention discloses a polymer of which the structural formula is shown in figure 1, and a preparation method of the polymer comprises the following steps: (1) carrying out esterification reactionon reactants polyethylene oxide and phosphate under the action of a catalyst p-toluenesulfonic acid to obtain a reaction solution; and (2) adjusting the reaction solution to be weakly acidic, adding polyfurfuryl alcohol under normal pressure, and carrying out etherification reaction to obtain a product which is reddish brown viscous liquid. The polymer disclosed by the invention can be used as orused for preparing a sand control agent. The polymer disclosed by the invention is a novel non-ionic phosphate coated sand control agent, phosphoric acid is used as a linking group, and a polyethyleneoxide chain segment is introduced through esterification reaction to obtain weakly acidic disubstituted phosphate; under the weak acid condition, a polyfurfuryl alcohol chain segment with slow control curing is further introdu