Optical fiber sensing device based on Brillouin scattering

The invention discloses an optical fiber sensing device based on Brillouin scattering, belonging to the technical field of optical fiber sensing. The sensing device comprises a case, a data processingsystem and laser, a Y-shaped coupler, a polarization controller, a first electro-optical modulator, a first erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier, an optical filter, an optical circulator, a single-mode optical fiber, a second electro-optical modulator, a second erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier, an X-type coupler, a balance detector, a pulse generator, a broadband frequency source, a first electric domain amplifier, a second electric domain amplifier, a third electric domain amplifier, a multi-channel linear power panel and a data acquisition device. According to the invention, the spatialresolution, measurement speed and precision of the device are improved, and the sensing distance of the device is increased; an electric domain system and an optical domain system are divided into two layers in the device, in