Method suitable for automatically shielding fault reading head of position sensor in extreme environment

The method suitable for automatically shielding the fault reading head of the position sensor in the extreme environment comprises the following steps: a data output corresponding rule of the fault reading headis preset; a four-channel data state observer is arranged in the controller, and variable values corresponding to the four reading heads are detected in real time; if the reading head outputsignal has a preset feature in a preset fault reading head output data corresponding rule, a data shielding algorithm is executed; a program is written according to preset fault characteristics and adata shielding algorithm, and automatic shielding of fault reading head data is achieved under the condition that equipment operation is not affected. The invention further comprises a related software design scheme, and programs are written according to the designed four-channel data state observer principle. According to the invention, automatic shielding of fault reading head data of the grating position sensor in an e