Data index synchronization method based on regional platforms at all levels and data access method thereof

The invention discloses a data index synchronization method based on all levels of regional platforms and a data access method thereof. A plurality of regional platform servers deploy a data routing network in a layered manner; the highest routing node sends an index synchronization command to the lower routing node step by step from top to bottom, the lower routing node receives the index synchronization command to generate local index data, and the lowest routing node merges the index data step by step from bottom to top; and the routing node at the highest level issues the combined index data to the routing nodes at all levels step by step, the routing nodes at all levels synchronously update the index data and preset addressing priorities, and access to the index data is carried out according to the synchronously updated index data and the addressing priorities. The storage positions of the data are identified by using the index data through the data markets of the data stored by all the data routing node