Self-assembled photonic crystal capillary sensor and preparation method thereof

The invention discloses a self-assembled photonic crystal capillary sensor and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the steps of: assembling colloidal particles in a glass capillary by means of transpiration to form an ordered photonic crystal structure, and then acquiring a photonic crystal capillary with a heterostructure by means of simple capillary transfer and used for amplifying a fluorescence detection signal; and then performing surface modification on the photonic crystal with the heterostructure, and fixing a corresponding nucleic acid aptamer to obtain theself-assembled photonic crystal capillary sensor, wherein the self-assembled photonic crystal capillary sensor can be used for fluorescence detection of biomarkers; and finally, quantitatively detecting the biomarkers by detecting the fluorescence intensity of the capillary tube. The capillary tube is low in cost, easy to prepare and simple in assembly process, and self-assembly of the multilayerheterostructure on the inn