Preparation method and application of solid-phase extraction filler and solid-phase extraction column for basic dyes in food

The invention provides a preparation method and application of solid-phase extraction filler and solid-phase extraction column for basic dyes in food. The solid-phase extraction filler adopts functional ionic liquid 1-benzyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate and 1-decyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate, which have structures extremely similar to those of basic dyes, as main adsorptionreagents; the specific adsorption capacity on various basic dyes is high, impurities such as salt, carbohydrate, pigment, grease, protein and starch in a food matrix are not adsorbed, and the impurities and the basic dyes in a to-be-detected sample can be effectively separated. The functional ionic liquid is immobilized by silica gel to form a loose solid-phase extraction filler, and the loose solid-phase extraction filler can be in full contact with an extracting solution of a to-be-detected sample without extrusion. The speed of the sample liquid passing through the filler is high, the extraction efficiency is impr