External load testing device and external load testing method of rectangular pipe gallery

The invention discloses an external load testing device of a rectangular pipe gallery. The device comprises a base and a counter-force frame mounted on the base, wherein a pipe gallery to be tested, arubber pad, a load beam and a jack are sequentially arranged in the counter-force frame from bottom to top; a pair of support beams are arranged between the pipe gallery to be tested and the base; the load beam is positioned at the center of the pair of support beams; and a force meter is arranged between the jack and a top beam of the counter-force frame. A three-point stress method is adopted in the test, a prefabricated pipe gallery is arranged between a lower support beam and the rubber pad below the load beam during the test, the jack applies loads in stages, and the stress condition ofthe pipe gallery is observed along with the increase of the loads. 本发明公开了一种矩形管廊外荷载试验装置，包括基座和安装于基座上的反力架，所述反力架中从下到上依次设有待测管廊、橡胶垫、荷载梁和千斤顶，所述待测管廊与所述基座之间设有一对支撑梁，所述荷载梁位于一对所述支撑梁的中央处，所述千斤顶与所述反力架的顶梁之间设有测力仪。试验采用三点受力法，在试验时将预制管廊置于下支撑梁与荷载梁之