On-machine measuring device and measuring method applicable to energetic rotating parts

The present invention discloses an on-machine measuring device and measuring method applicable to energetic rotating parts, and belongs to the technical field of composite material machining. The measuring device comprises a suction cup for adsorbing a workpiece, a table holder, a measuring instrument, an adapter, and a stylus; the table holder is arranged on a numerically controlled machine tool;the execution end of the table holder can flexibly clamp the measuring instrument in vertical and horizontal directions; the stylus comprises a vertical stylus and a horizontal stylus; the measuringinstrument can be provided with the vertical stylus and the horizontal stylus through the adapter; and the vertical stylus and the horizontal stylus are both in centering contact with the workpiece and are in the same plane. The method of reference transformation and error separation can be used to measure the three characteristic dimensions of the outer diameter, the inner hole and the height; and multi-point synchronous