Method and device for controlling additive manufacturing metal part solidified structure through coupling of electric field and magnetic field

The invention discloses a method and device for controlling an additive manufacturing metal part solidified structure through coupling of an electric field and a magnetic field. An external electric field is applied in the rapid solidification process of metal part additive manufacturing, electric energy is injected into a material, charged particles are enabled to generate polarization motion, and micro excitation is realized in combination with the effect of an external magnetic field. According to the method, the laser rapid solidification process is regulated by utilizing the coupling effect of the electric field and the magnetic field, columnar crystals are induced to transform to isometric crystals, external field non-contact intervention is carried out on the microstructure level, metallurgical bonding between layers and layers in the forming process is improved, defects in the metal additive manufacturing process can be effectively reduced and improved, through adjusting parameters such as intensity,