Underwater soil body settlement monitoring system and monitoring method

The embodiments of the invention disclose an underwater soil body settlement monitoring system and monitoring method. The system comprises a measuring instrument, a target, a rearview target, an uppercomputer and a supporting structure; the measuring instrument is in communication connection with the upper computer and is used for emitting first optical signals to the target, receiving first reflected optical signal reflected by the target, emitting second optical signals to the rearview target, receiving second reflected optical signals reflected by the rearview target, sending current datainformation to the upper computer according to the received first reflected optical signals and second reflected optical signals; the target is fixedly arranged at the top end of the supporting structure; and the supporting structure is fixed at the bottom of to-be-monitored water. According to the underwater soil body settlement monitoring system and monitoring method provided by the embodimentsof the invention, the suppo