Production method and application of iron-nitrogen co-doped carbon catalyst used for electrocatalytic reduction of CO2

The invention discloses a production method and application of a doped carbon catalyst used for electrocatalytic reduction of CO2. The carbon-based catalyst is doped with iron and nitrogen atoms, andcontains intrinsic carbon defects. Production of the doped carbon-based catalyst used for electrocatalytic reduction of the CO2 comprises the following steps: (1) dissolving an iron salt and urea in deionized water under stirring; (2) adding aniline into a metal salt solution, and conducting stirring for 1 h; (3) adding ammonium persulfate, and then conducting stirring for 0.5 h; (4) transferringan obtained mixed solution into a hydrothermal reactor, and carrying out a reaction; (5) conducting centrifugation on obtained suspension, cleaning the suspension subjected to centrifugation until thesuspension is neutral, and conducting drying to obtain a FeOOH/PANI precursor; and (6) calcining the obtained precursor in an inert gas atmosphere, then conducting acid pickling, and conducting calcining again to obtain the ca