Calibration method and device for on-orbit emissivity of satellite-borne microwave imager antenna

The invention discloses a calibration method and device for on-orbit emissivity of a satellite-borne microwave imager antenna. The method comprises the following steps of S1, acquiring observation radiation quantity of an observation region of a microwave imager within an observation time frame, and simultaneously calculating to obtain simulation radiation quantity of the observation region of themicrowave imager within the observation time frame by a radiation transmission model; S2, respectively calculating to obtain ascending single deviation and descending single deviation according to the observation radiation quantity and the simulation radiation quantity; S3, calculating to obtain ascending and descending dual deviation according to the ascending single deviation and the descendingsingle deviation; and S4, calculating physical temperature difference of the antenna according to a physical temperature of the antenna under condition of ascending and descending, and calculating toobtain the on-obit emissiv