Fire extinguishing bomb launching device and method based on graded chambers

The invention discloses a fire extinguishing bomb launching device and method based on graded chambers. The device comprises a launching tube, launching powder, a piston, an ignition tool, a fire extinguishing bomb, a primer, a fire transfer tool, the first-stage chamber and the second-stage chamber. The method comprises the steps that ammunition is firstly loaded in a split charging manner, thenthe launching powder in the second-stage chamber is ignited, the fire extinguishing bomb moves forwards, and the piston keeps static under supporting of the fire transfer tool; after the set time is achieved, the launching powder in the first-stage chamber is ignited, when the pressure in the first-stage chamber is higher than that in the second-stage chamber, the piston moves forwards under the action of the pressure in the first-stage chamber, and the fire extinguishing bomb is pushed to move forwards with high bomb back pressure till the fire extinguishing bomb is separated from a body tube; and the piston continue