Vacuum interlayer fractionation column and fractionation device

The invention relates to a vacuum interlayer fractionation column. The vacuum interlayer fractionation column comprises a gas outlet, a gas inlet, an outer pipe, an inner column, a plurality of thorn-shaped clamping grooves and a plurality of spherical glass plugs, wherein the bottom end of the inner column extends outward to be provided with the gas inlet; the top end of the inner column extendsoutward to be provided with a connection pipe; the gas outlet is arranged at one side of the connection pipe; the outer pipe is located on an outer layer of the inner column; the outer pipe is used for surrounding and coating the inner column and sealing openings are fused at the bottom end and top end of the inner column, so that a gap is left between an inner wall of the outer pipe and an outerwall of the inner column and is used as a vacuum interlayer; the plurality of thorn-shaped clamping grooves are formed in an inner wall of the inner column; the inner column is inward sunken at the lower side of each thorn-sha