File access method, device and equipment and readable storage medium

The invention discloses a file access method, which comprises the following steps: receiving a file access request sent by a target granesha and determining a target file requested to be accessed andan access operation; when access operation belongs to the exclusive access type, judging whether the target granesha is exclusively occupied or not; if so, allocating the access authority to the target granesha, so that the target granesha accesses the target file; and when no read-write operation exists in the specified time length after access, sending an authority recovery message to the targetgranesha, and recovering the access authority. The access authority of the target file can be recovered. When other ganesha requests access the target file in an exclusive form, direct distribution can be carried out, and conflicts are reduced. The file access efficiency of a distributed file system can be improved. The invention further discloses a file access device and apparatus and a readablestorage medium which have