Balanced heat dissipation water-cooling system and cooling method

The invention relates to a balanced heat dissipation water-cooling system and a cooling method. The system comprises a water pump, a water-cooling controller used for controlling the water pump and heat dissipation modules used for cooling circulating water, wherein the water pump is provided with a first connection port and a second connection port, the first connection port is connected with a first main pipeline, and the second connection port is connected with a second main pipeline; high-power devices of a train are arranged in parallel between the first main pipeline and the second mainpipeline in the water-cooling system; the first connection port, the second connection port and a branch pipeline passing through the high-power devices of the train are provided with collection modules respectively, and the collection modules and the water-cooling controller are both communicated with a TCMS of the train. The water-cooling controller regulates the flow direction and flow rate ofthe circulating water of t