Device and method for rapidly measuring total ash content and components of paper based on optical filtering method

The invention discloses a device for rapidly measuring total ash content and components of paper by using an optical filtering method. The device comprises an upper box body (11), a lower box body (12) and a rotating disc (13) arranged between the upper box body and the lower box body; an ionization chamber (111) is arranged in the center of the upper box body (11); a radiation chamber (121) is arranged in the center of the lower box body (12); and placement holes capable of placing five optical filters (131) are formed in the rotating disc (13). X-rays emitted by an X-ray tube pass through the rotating disc and the optical filters to reach the ionization chamber; the ionization chamber is used for ionizing the entered rays to generate a voltage; and the ash content and the components of the paper are calculated according to a voltage value. The ash content and the components of the paper can be rapidly and accurately measured; the problems of long time, complex steps, relatively largehuman error and the like