Data storage system based on a personal computer

The invention discloses a data storage system based on a personal computer. The data storage system comprises a data uploading module, a data self-checking unit, a data restoration unit, a data classification module, a processor, a display unit, an alarm module, a storage unit, an execution unit and a rule abandoning unit. According to the invention, the data self-checking unit is arranged; for the file uploaded by the data uploading module, uploading the file; preview operations, when a condition that preview cannot be carried out occurs; if so, it is determined that a damage has occurred, when the obtained file is damaged; only the tampered error of the file suffix name is repaired; when a suffix name error occurs, what the most possible suffix name should be is obtained through data comparison in combination with related rules, then the suffix name is used for replacing an original suffix name and is verified again, if the suffix name can be opened, verification succeeds, and if not, it is judged that the