Off-grid railway traction power supply system and regulation and control method

The invention discloses an off-grid railway traction power supply system and a regulation and control method. The off-grid railway traction power supply system comprises a catenary, a distributed power substation, an electrical split phase and an electrical split phase switch, wherein the output end of the distributed power substation is connected to the catenary; the electrical split phase is arranged on the catenary between the adjacent distributed power substations; the electrical split phase switch is arranged on the electrical split phase in parallel; the distributed power substation comprises a primary new-energy power generation device, a secondary controllable new-energy backup power supply and single-phase boosting transformers; the primary new-energy power generation device and the secondary controllable new-energy backup power supply are independent of each other, and are connected to the catenary through the respective single-phase boosting transformers. The off-grid railway traction power supply