Test device and test method for observing swelling soil montmorillonite dissolution filling process

The invention discloses a test device and test method for observing a swelling soil montmorillonite dissolution filling process. The test device comprises a model box, a model side slope, a V-shaped fracture model, a water permeable plate and an intelligent dynamic water supply system. The model box is divided into a water storage tank and a seepage test chamber through the water permeable plate;the model side slope is arranged in the seepage test chamber, and a V-shaped groove is formed in the slope surface; the V-shaped fracture model is inserted into the V-shaped groove, and the V-shaped fracture model comprises a V-shaped support and qualitative filter paper; the intelligent dynamic water supply system comprises a water supply device, a water inlet valve, a water level sensor, a waterdrainage valve and a waste liquid collection box; the water inlet valve is arranged at the top of the water storage tank and is connected with the water inlet device; the water drainage valve is arranged at the bottom of the