Autonomous anchor shifting device of cutter suction dredger and anchor shifting method

The invention discloses an autonomous anchor shifting device of a cutter suction dredger and an anchor shifting method. The autonomous anchor shifting device comprises a water moving platform, an anchor lifting and lowering operation mechanism and a communication control mechanism, wherein the water moving platform comprises a floating body, a propulsion device and an energy storage device, the anchor lifting and lowering operation mechanism comprises an anchor cable searcher, an anchor cable holder and an anchor lifting and lowering machine, and the communication control mechanism comprises acommunication unit, a positioning unit, a planning unit and a control unit. By means of the autonomous anchor shifting device and the anchor shifting method, rely on a main part of the cutter suctiondredger is not needed, construction together with construction of the cutter suction dredger can be implemented simultaneously, the proportion of effective construction time can be increased, and theconstruction efficiency is