Fast positioning system and method for charging points of pipe corridor tack type inspection robot

The invention discloses a fast positioning system and method for charging points of a pipe corridor tack type inspection robot. The fast positioning system comprises a positioning marking device and apositioning detecting device; the positioning detecting device comprises a position sensor and a rotary encoder which are arranged inside the inspection robot; the positioning marking device adopts amagnetic marking block which is arranged at the position, needing to be positioned and marked, of the upper surface of a track; and of the multiple charging points, namely the charging point a, the charging point b, the charging point n-1 and the charging point n, are arranged on the side edge of the track from left to right, the spacing between every two adjacent charging points is the same, theposition sensor and the rotary encoder are connected onto an internal line of the inspection robot, a magnetic induction type sensor serves as the position sensor, and a magnetoelectric rotary encoder serves as the rotary enco