Railway subgrade mud-pumping phenomenon simulating testing device and method

The invention discloses a railway subgrade mud-pumping phenomenon simulating testing device and method. The railway subgrade mud-pumping phenomenon simulating testing device comprises an axial loadingframe, a counterforce frame, a water circulation model box and a lifting-type elastic base; the axial loading frame comprises a loading frame top plate, a loading frame bottom plate, a supporting upright column, a vibrating device and a loading mechanism; the counterforce frame comprises a pressing plate and a pressurized column connected between the pressing plate and the loading frame bottom plate; the pressurized column penetrates through the loading frame top plate; the lifting-type elastic base is mounted on the upper surface of the loading frame bottom plate, and the water circulation model box is mounted between the loading mechanism and the lifting-type elastic base; the water circulation model box comprises a model box body, a water storage cavity and a soil sample storage cavity, and the water storage c