SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES

A plurality of gate electrodes are stacked on an upper surface of a substrate in a direction perpendicular to an upper surface of the substrate. A channel region penetrates through the plurality of gate electrodes to extend perpendicularly to the upper surface of the substrate. A gate dielectric layer includes a tunneling layer, a charge storage layer and a blocking layer that are sequentially disposed between the channel region and the plurality of gate electrodes. The charge storage layer includes a plurality of doping elements and a plurality of deep level traps generated by the plurality of doping element. A concentration distribution of the plurality of doping elements in a thickness direction of the charge storage layer is non-uniform. 多个栅电极在垂直于衬底的上表面的方向上堆叠在衬底的上表面上。沟道区域穿过多个栅电极以垂直于衬底的上表面延伸。栅极介电层包括顺序地设置在沟道区域和多个栅电极之间的隧穿层、电荷存储层和阻挡层。电荷存储层包括多个掺杂元素原子和由多个掺杂元素原子生成的多个深能级陷阱。多个掺杂元素原子的浓度分布在电荷存储层的厚度方向上是不均匀的。