Locomotive wheel tread defect image detection system

The invention discloses a locomotive wheel tread defect image detection system. The locomotive wheel tread defect image detection system comprises a swing rod device, a swing rod displacement measurement unit, an image acquisition unit, a control unit and a data analysis unit, wherein the swing rod displacement measurement unit and the image acquisition unit are arranged on the two sides of a railaccording to the established positions where the wheels pass through; a swing rod displacement measurement unit detection effective area and an image acquisition unit image acquisition area are overlapped in a corresponding manner, and can completely wrap the wheel tread for a circle; the control unit controls the swing rod displacement measurement unit and the image acquisition unit to collect the wheel tread which passes through the detection area; and the data analysis unit is used for processing and analyzing the collected data. The method has the advantages that image detection is supplemented on the basis of or