Synthetic method of triphenyl-n-(colchicine amido)butylphosphonium chloride compound and application of the compound in antitumor medicine

The invention relates to a synthetic method of a triphenyl-n-(colchicine amido)butylphosphonium chloride compound and application of the compound in an antitumor medicine, belonging to the technical field of organic synthesis. Colchicine derived from plants, as a raw material, is subjected to structure modification with 4-dimethylaminopyridine, trifluoroacetic acid and the like in order to convertthe colchicine into colchamine; and then the colchamine reacts with chloroalkyl chloride and triphenylphosphine in order to synthesize the target compound having higher antitumor activity and lower toxicity. The phosphonium structure of the target compound has a cell metabolism interference effect and a targeted enrichment effect on malignant cells, and can greatly reduce the dosage and improve the medicine function efficiency. A step-by-step elution process is introduced to a preparation process and a selected specific eluent ensures purity of a final product. The prepared phosphonium compound is low in toxicity and