Catalyst for zirconium silicate-modified sulfonic acid-grafted mesoporous silicon oxide as well as preparation method and application thereof

The invention relates to a catalyst for zirconium silicate-modified sulfonic acid-grafted mesoporous silicon oxide as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method of the zirconium silicate-modified sulfonic acid-grafted mesoporous silicon oxide comprises the following steps: through adding a template agent, a structure directing agent, a silicon source and a zirconium source, firstly performing two-step crystallization and hydrothermally synthesizing zirconium silicate-modified mesoporous silicon oxide; then modifying in a certain solvent through adding a sulfonic acid source to prepare. The zirconium silicate-modified sulfonic acid-grafted mesoporous silicon oxide is environmentally-friendly in preparation process, is synthesized in a weak acid environment,is uniform and adjustable in aperture and can efficiently and stably catalyze the synthesis of carboxylic esters from olefins and carboxylic acids with high conversion rate and high selectivity underthe conditions of less ca