Detection method for predicting cave of shallow portion via surface wave spectrum disturbance

The invention discloses a detection method for predicting a cave of a shallow portion via surface wave spectrum disturbance. The detection method comprises that S1) one measuring line is arranged overa suspected cave area underground; S2) a vibration response signal of a measuring point of the measuring line is recorded; S3) the measuring line is deflected for certain angle, the step S2) is repeated, and the measuring line is continued to be deflected till the suspected cave area is covered completely; S4) cylindrical geometric attenuation correction is carried out all vibration response signals, and an offset-wavelength domain amplitude spectrum cloud atlas of different measuring lines of the suspected cavity area is obtained via a series of transformation; S5) a reference measuring lineis arranged in an area free of cave influence, vibration responses signals of different measuring points of the reference line are recorded, and an offset-wavelength domain amplitude spectrum cloud atlas of the reference line