Locomotive load test method and load test device

The invention provides a locomotive load test method and a load test device. A locomotive power supply is connected with a load to carry out locomotive load test. An analog quantity acquisition moduleis used to collect a voltage signal, a current signal and a temperature signal on the load, and transmit the collected voltage signal, the current signal and the temperature signal to a control module. The control module issues an instruction to increase or decrease the test load resistance value to a master controller, so that the master controller controls the resistance value of the load in the test. The control module transmits the resistance value, the voltage signal, the current signal and the temperature signal of the load to an output module for data output. According to the invention, the analog quantity acquisition module can detect the voltage, current and leakage current of the locomotive power supply in real time; a PLC controller can automatically control the access and cutoff of the load according