Float type automatic monitoring system of rivers and lakes of depopulated zone

The invention relates to float type automatic monitoring equipment of rivers and lakes of a depopulated zone. The equipment comprises a floating ball, a multifunctional mooring cable and an underwaterdevice, wherein the floating ball, the multifunctional mooring cable and the underwater device are connected in sequence; communication equipment is arranged at the top of the floating ball, and a flow speed sensor, a water temperature sensor and a water quality sensing device are arranged at the bottom of the floating ball, so that signals can be effectively transmitted and online monitoring ofwater quality, water flow speeds and water temperature of water bodies of the lakes; the outer part of the floating ball is composed of a solar cell panel and self-powered and low-power-consumption operation can be realized; a water surface pressure sensor and a water bottom pressure sensor are arranged so that relative water levels of the lakes are measured through pressure difference and the influences, caused by environ