Irrigation control system and irrigation control method based on open channels

The invention discloses an irrigation control system and irrigation control method based on open channels. The irrigation control system comprises a management module, an index acquisition module, an index analysis module, a water level acquisition module, a water level analysis module and a channel water-injection water-discharge regulation and control module. The channel water-injection water-discharge regulation and control module traverses each main channel and each branch channel from top to bottom in a breadth-first manner by means of a stepping control method, and carries out water-injection and water-discharge control on each main channel and each branch channel in dependence on the channel data and the sluice state of the main channel and the branch channel until the water-discharge amount of all the farmland channels satisfies the water demand of the farmland sides corresponding to the farmland channels. By employing a mode of calculating the water storage amount by a water level gauge, the problem