Method for resourcefully treating carbon dioxide and water to synthesize ethanol in high-selectivity manner

The invention relates to a method for resourcefully treating carbon dioxide and water to synthesize ethanol in a high-selectivity manner. The method includes: placing a copper-zinc-aluminum catalyst in the reaction area of a reaction device, performing reduction treatment on the copper-zinc-aluminum catalyst, controlling the temperature of the reaction area to be 160 DEG C and feeding mixed gas of carbon dioxide and steam into the reaction device under N2 protection and a discharge condition, and performing reaction to obtain the ethanol. The method has the advantages that electronegative gas (carbon dioxide, steam and the like) is excited under the discharge condition to form electronegative gas ions, and the electronegative ions have reaction on the surface of the industrial copper-based catalyst to generate the ethanol in the high-selectivity manner; the discharge reaction and the catalytic reaction are performed in the same area, the ethanol is generated in the high-selectivity manner, and byproduct metha