Sweet potato and rice crop rotation culturing method

The invention belongs to the technical field of crop planting, and discloses a sweet potato and rice crop rotation culturing method. The method includes the steps of directly sowing rice seeds in arid soil after harvesting sweet potatoes, and conducting weeding after the seeds germinate and 3-5 leaves grow. By means of the method, soil is improved, diseases and insect pests in a sweet potato field are remarkably reduced, sweet potato quality is greatly improved, and meanwhile rice and sweet potato yield is not obviously influenced. In addition, a back type rechargeable sowing machine is used for direct sowing in arid soil, and time and cost are saved; for instance, machine tillage expenditure is saved by 10 RMB per mu in arid land compared with a paddy field, the time for fertilizer application can be saved by half in arid land, and the speed of sowing through the sowing machine on arid land is 3-5 times higher than the speed of manual sowing on a paddy field; by means of the method, the diseases and insect p