Controllable high-dispersion nano simple-substance metal/carbon composite material preparation method and electrical catalytic application thereof

The invention relates to a controllable high-dispersion nano simple-substance metal/carbon composite material preparation method and electrical catalytic application thereof. An ordered mesoporous carbon powder material having high specific area is synthesized; the material is subjected to oxidation treatment to obtain mesoporous carbon provided with hydrophilic groups on the surface and having high specific area; metal precursor perfusion is performed by adopting an impregnation method, the mesoporous carbon is converted into hydroxide by adopting an ammonia fumigation method, and the hydroxide is fixed in mesoporous confined pore channels; reduction is performed at high temperature in the presence of H2, and finally a high-dispersion nano metal simple-substance/carbon composite material is obtained. With zero-valent iron/mesoporous carbon as an example, the composite material serves as a working electrode, a three-electrode electrochemical method is adopted to remove nitrate in a water body through electric