Photoelectric oscillator and frequency stabilization method thereof

The embodiment of the invention provides a photoelectric oscillator and a frequency stabilization method thereof. The photoelectric oscillator comprises a laser device, an electro-optical modulator, a long optical fiber, a phase-modulation optical-heterodyne frequency stabilization loop, a photoelectric detector, a band-pass filter, an electric phase shifter, an electric amplifier, a second electric coupler and an atomic frequency standardization device. The phase-modulation optical-heterodyne frequency stabilization loop comprises a phase modulator, a polarization beam splitter, a lock-in amplifier and a frequency synthesizer; the atomic frequency standardization device comprises a rubidium bubble, a quarter-wave plate and a reflector unit, and the quarter-wave plate is arranged between the rubidium bubble and the reflector unit; an optical-margin-band signal obtained after phase modulation is injected into the rubidium bubble, pumping light is rotated by the quarter-wave plate, 45-degree deflection light is