Average river model capable of reflecting ecological hydrology mechanism, and calculation method

The invention relates to an average river model capable of reflecting an ecological hydrology mechanism, and a calculation method. The calculation method comprises the following steps: taking a river scale corresponding to average annual discharge as an average river, wherein biomass corresponding to a river ecological system is a long-time average annual value; and establishing a change function relationship between discharge and the river scale and a change function relationship between dimensionless relative discharge and the river relative scale. The calculation method takes the average annual discharge and the riverway scale as a reference substance to establish an average river model. Since the most vulnerable situation of river ecological security basically happens under a situation that hydrological regime is lower than an average level and a corresponding relationship contained in the average river describes all change processes under the long-time average annual level, the average river model can de