Reaction load applying device for foundation model test and testing method

The invention discloses a reaction load applying device for a foundation model test and a testing method, and effectively solves such problems as complex and inflexible operation and incapability of effectively, accurately and continuously recording data in the load applying process of the foundation model test. The reaction load applying device for the foundation model test comprises a load bearing platform, and is characterized in that frame legs are mounted around the load bearing platform; leg pads are connected below the frame legs; counterweights are put above the load bearing platform; the load bearing platform is connected with a reaction load transfer device; the reaction load transfer device includes a tray; a level is arranged above the tray; a force transfer column is connected below the tray, and is provided with an electric jack; a load bearing disc is arranged below the electric jack; and fingers extend from the frame legs, and are connected with digital display dial indicators. The reaction lo