Preparation method of fluorescent probe and application of fluorescent probe in aluminum ion detection

The invention provides a preparation method of a fluorescent probe and an application of the fluorescent probe in aluminum ion detection. The fluorescent probe is obtained by virtue of a reaction in a heating reflux manner between 2-hydroxyl-1-naphthaldehyde and carbohydrazide. In the structure of the fluorescent probe provided by the invention, the N atoms on the C=N double bonds are influenced by a photo-induced electron transfer effect, and after the N atoms are combined with aluminum ions, the photo-induced electron transfer effect is inhibited, and planar conjugation is enhanced at the same time; two mechanisms together induce obvious enhancement of fluorescence emission; the fluorescent probe has good selectivity and sensitivity to the aluminum ions. High-selectivity identification of the aluminum ions is realized, a relatively good linear relation exists in a range of 5*10 to 4*10 mol/L, and the limit of detection is as low as 1.89*10 mol/L, so that the fluorescent probe has a chromogenic s