Pushing and supporting device of tunneling machine and construction method

The invention provides a pushing and supporting device of a tunneling machine and a construction method. The pushing and supporting device of the tunneling machine comprises a plurality of embedded supporting anchor hole beams, at least two inclined slide tracks and a reaction frame; supporting and positioning anchor holes are formed in two ends of each supporting anchor hole beam; reaction frame supporting legs are arranged on the bottom of the reaction frame; and the reaction frame has a frame structure, and is provided with a side surface which is opposite to the end surface of the tail of the tunneling machine and is used for pressing against an auxiliary pushing oil cylinder. The construction method comprises the following steps of (1) welding an embedded bolt on a joint bar; (2) mounting a steel cushion on the embedded bolt through a nut; and (3) mounting the supporting anchor hole beams, the supporting and positioning anchor holes and the slide tracks on the steel cushion, placing the auxiliary hydraulic oil cylinder between the tunneling machine and the reaction frame, and jacking by a stepping stroke. By the steps, the tunneling machine is pushed to walk when beginning to enter a hole. By the pushing and supporting device of the tunneling machine and the construction method, hundreds of tons of stepping thrust can be ensured, and the circumstance that a slide way structure is damaged due to uneven stress can be avoided.