Silane functionalized buffer layers and electronic devices comprising the same

The invention provides silane functionalized buffer layers and electronic devices comprising the same. The present invention relates to the field of organic electronics, such as OLEDs, OPVs and organic photodetectors with inverted structure. Said device comprises a substrate and a multitude of layers, wherein at least one of said layers is a buffer layer, wherein said buffer layer comprises metal oxide nanoparticles coated with unsubstituted or substituted alkyl-alkoxy-silanes. Preferably, the buffer layer is used as a cathode buffer layer.