Differential control system of double-acting single-stage piston hydraulic cylinder

The invention belongs to the technical field of petroleum drilling machine equipment, and discloses a differential control system of a double-acting single-stage piston hydraulic cylinder. The differential control system consists of an air-control hydraulic single linkage valve, a horizontal type pressure meter, a single linkage air-control proportional handle, a control valve set, and a hydraulic cylinder, wherein the air-control hydraulic single linkage valve is communicated with a hydraulic station by a connecting pipeline; a working port of the single linkage air-control proportional handle is connected with a remote air control port of the air-control hydraulic single linkage valve; the control valve set consists of an oil path block, a vertical type pressure meter, an overflow valve, a two-position three-way hydraulic valve, a shuttle valve, a one-way sequence valve and a double-balance valve; two oil inlets in the oil path block are connected with two working oil ports of the air-control hydraulic single linkage valve respectively; one working oil port in the oil path block is connected with a rodless cavity oil port of the hydraulic cylinder; and the other working oil port in the oil path block is connected with a rod cavity oil port of the hydraulic cylinder. The differential control system is simple, stable and reliable to operate, thereby realizing piston no-load quick movement and piston on-load constant-speed movement of the hydraulic cylinder, and improving the working efficiency of a hydraulic system of a petroleum drilling machine.