Apparatus and method of controlling and measuring bending curvature of fiber for sensing condition of dam

The invention discloses an apparatus and method of controlling and measuring the bending curvature of a fiber for sensing the condition of a dam. The apparatus includes a bending bench and a guide channel. The middle of the guide channel is equipped with a guide groove, and a to-be-laid fiber is arranged in the guide groove. The guide channel includes a first straight segment, a second straight segment, and a bending segment connected to the first and second straight segments. The first straight segment is fixed to the bending bench through a plurality of first locking devices. The inner side of the middle portion of the bending segment is connected to a diameter variable bench. The diameter variable bench is connected to the locking devices. The second straight segment is provided with a second locking device. Bosses extend from the bottom of the second locking device. The bending bench is provided with a guide rail groove. The bending segment is provided with a first radius ruler and a second radius ruler that are tangent to the bending segment. The first radius ruler and the second radius ruler are perpendicular to each other, and the bending curvature radius of the to-be-laid fiber is converted to a reading value of the first radius ruler. Therefore, the bending curvature radius of the to-be-laid fiber can be measured in a highly precise manner and controlled in a flexible and convenient manner.