Sweet potato planting and cultivation method

The invention relates to a sweet potato planting and cultivation method comprising specific steps of field preparation, seed selection, sowing, fertilization, water delivery, and field management. Sowing, pipe laying, mulching and soil covering are completed with an air-suction precision seeder. A sowing hole space is 35-45cm, and one seed is sowed in one hole. After sowing, a water delivery pipe is connected, and seedling germination water is delivered, wherein 16-30m of water is delivered to every 500m of field. The fertilizer is applied with water during the water delivery process. In the field management step, with the water delivery pipe, soil water content is maintained at 70-85% of a maximal field water capacity, and fertilizer is delivered during water delivery. According to the method, a narrow row is arranged between every two rows, such that a plant border row dominance is artificially created, light transmittance between sweet potato plants is increased, and photosynthetic efficiency is improved. The method facilitates sweet potato plant top dressing, water delivery and harvesting, and facilitates nutrient balanced application and absorption. Wind stress on the plants is reduced, and sweet potato yield is improved.