High-toughness low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant cable material for construction and preparation method thereof

The invention provides a high-toughness low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant cable material for construction. The cable material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2.1-2.5 parts of biphenyl tetracarboxylic dianhydride, 1.2-1.5 parts of p-phenylenediamine, 20-25 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 20-25 parts of aluminum hydroxide, 9-10 parts of polyacrylonitrile, 6-7 parts of polylactic acid, 3-4 parts of polyoxyethylene, an appropriate amount of dimethyl formamide, an appropriate amount of a composite solvent containing dimethyl formamide and dichloromethane in a volume ratio of 1:1, an appropriate amount of methyl methacrylate, an appropriate amount of isopropyl thioxanthone, 50-55 parts of crosslinked polyethylene and 4-5 parts of organic silicone. The cable material provided by the invention is good in flame retardance to prevent fire disasters, so that the safety of construction cables is increased; by using biphenyl tetracarboxylic dianhydride and p-phenylenediamine, the cable material has relatively high toughness; and the process provided by the invention solves the phenomenon that an organic filler is gathered into a mass due to non-uniform dispersion to ensure that the filler is distributed uniformly and is coated in a matrix resin, and formed fibers greatly improve the wear resistance and toughness of the cable material.