Optical fiber Brillouin distributed type measuring light path, device and method

The embodiment of the invention relates to an optical fiber Brillouin distributed type measuring light path, device and method. The measuring light path comprises a first coupler, a second coupler, a third coupler, a first circulator, a first light channel, a second light channel, a sensing optical fiber, a third light path and a fourth light path, wherein pulse light is input into one end of the sensing optical fiber; continuous light is input into the other end of the sensing optical fiber so as to excite Brillouin scattering. Therefore, anti-Stokes components can be enhanced, if the anti-Stokes light is intense enough, the Stokes light is relatively weak in intensity, the Stokes light can be neglected, the conflict of the input light pulse luminosity and the spatial resolution can be avoided, and a high-precision light filter is not needed.