Congestion control method adopting spectrum allocation in cognitive network

The invention discloses a congestion control method adopting spectrum allocation in a cognitive network. In the cognitive network, cognitive users communicate by occupying the free spectrums of authorized users; firstly, cognitive nodes detect the own congestion conditions according to an average data transmission rate and divide congestion degrees; secondly, the cognitive nodes which detect congestion send congestion notification information to a management node, and the management node receives the congestion notification information and then allocates the spectrums according to the congestion degrees of the cognitive nodes which apply for the spectrums; finally, the cognitive nodes obtain the spectrum allocation and then set congestion release periods according to the current cache length; the cognitive nodes actively carry out congestion detection again after a congestion release algorithm is concluded, thus thoroughly releasing congestion; the cognitive nodes do not process in the case of no congestion. According to the congestion control method disclosed by the invention, the fairness of using the spectrums by the cognitive nodes is improved, collisions can be effectively reduced, a packet lose rate can be effectively reduced, and a throughput capacity can be effectively improved.