Hydraulic surrounding type locking and releasing device for energy pre-storage type Hopkinson torsional bar

The invention provides a hydraulic surrounding type locking and releasing device for an energy pre-storage type Hopkinson torsional bar, and relates to the field of material dynamic mechanical property experiment equipment. The hydraulic surrounding type locking and releasing device comprises an annular bracket and an annular bracket fixing device, wherein three or more clamping loading hydraulic cylinders are uniformly and annularly arranged on the inner wall of the annular bracket; the piston rod of each clamping loading hydraulic cylinder faces to the geometric circle center of the annular bracket; each of the two sides of a cylinder body of each clamping loading hydraulic cylinder is supported on the annular bracket through a stable supporting rod; every two adjacent clamping loading hydraulic cylinders are connected with each other through a high-pressure pipeline; a pressure boosting/releasing opening is formed in each high-pressure pipeline. The hydraulic surrounding type locking and releasing device is used for realizing energy pre-storage loading and synchronous releasing of a pre-torsion section of the split-Hopkinson torsional bar; by adoption of hydraulic surrounding type locking and releasing, the locking force in a loading process can be precisely mastered, and an unloading releasing process can be instantly finished, so that the unloading consistency can be guaranteed.