Method for automatically extracting potential field tectonic frameworks

The invention provides a method for automatically extracting potential field tectonic frameworks. The method comprises steps as follows: gravity potential field data or magnetic potential field data from a to-be-researched area are preprocessed; multi-scale and multi-direction edge detection is performed on preprocessed gravity potential field data or magnetic potential field data, and edges of all scales are acquired respectively; the calculated edges of all the scales are refined into the single pixel-width with a morphological skeleton algorithm, each point has depth and strength attributes, and a gravity or magnetic comprehensive tectonic framework graph and a comprehensive tectonic strength framework graph are obtained. According to the method, the geological structure formed by a control deposit can be identified and qualitatively interpreted, a potential deposit type and attributes of the structure formed by the control deposit can be determined according to prior knowledge of the to-be-researched area, and different types of tectonic frameworks are screened, so that target area localization of a metal deposit is realized.