Method for preparing hydrocarbon mixture by using one-step methanol conversion in adiabatic fixed bed reactor

The invention discloses a method for preparing a hydrocarbon mixture by using one-step methanol conversion in an adiabatic fixed bed reactor. The method comprises the following steps: mixing a raw material methanol with process water from a separator, performing heat exchange with one part of material at the reactor outlet for gasifying, mixing with dried circulating gas, carrying out a reaction for preparing the hydrocarbon mixture based on methanol conversion in the adiabatic fixed bed reactor filled with a ZSM-5 molecular sieve catalyst; dividing the material at the outlet of the adiabatic fixed bed reactor into three parts, collecting the three parts together after heat exchange; performing further cooling, and feeding into an oil-water-gas three-phase separator; and separating to obtain an oil-phase product, namely the hydrocarbon mixture. The method disclosed by the invention has the advantages of small gas cycle ratio and low operating energy consumption and is suitable for large-scale production.