Surface flow and bottom flow combined energy dissipater suitable for wide and shallow river channel multi-hole gate dam

The invention relates to a surface flow and bottom flow combined energy dissipater suitable for a wide and shallow river channel multi-hole gate dam. The surface flow and bottom flow combined energy dissipater comprises a surface flow energy dissipation area and a bottom flow energy dissipation area. Gate holes corresponding to the portion, accounting for 1/4 to 1/3 of the gate dam, of the gate dam serve as the bottom flow energy dissipation area which is provided with a bottom flow energy dissipater. The rest of the gate holes corresponding to the gate dam serve as the face flow energy dissipation area which is provided with a face flow energy dissipater. A diversion wall is arranged on the boundary fracture surface between the bottom flow energy dissipater and the bottom flow energy dissipater. By means of the surface flow and bottom flow combined energy dissipater, the energy consumption can be lowered, efficiency can be improved, the project investment can be saved, the surface flow and bottom flow combined energy dissipater is safe and convenient to use, and floodwater can be safely drawn off.